All over the world, there are millions of tanks in industries like oil and gas exploration and production. They have numerous uses, including storage, processing, transportation, and others. Each and every one of these tanks needs to be cleaned every once in a while. Mostly, they are located in outdoor oilfields, with no access to oilfield fuel tank polishing equipment such as a pump. Some companies have devised ingenious devices, including pumps that run on diesel, to solve this problem. Horizontal drilling is growing, and so will the demand for tank-cleaning protocols.
Thanks to new technologies enabling horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing, vast reserves of previously inaccessible oil and gas are now being drawn from tight, fine-grained, sedimentary, shale rock formations beneath the earth's surface. Without these resources, existing reserves would only provide sufficient energy for our needs for the next ten years.
Now, thanks to new technologies, no longer will there be oil available to fuel us into the 22nd century, America is also free from having to rely on capricious foreign countries for its energy needs. All this has heavy price. Although the state-of-the-art of shale oil drilling is improving all the time with the aim of reducing its impact on the environment, there remain concerns about the fracturing process triggering earthquakes and contamination of public water supplies.
The process of hydraulic fracturing involves drilling a hole deep into the Earth's crust into underlying shale rock formations and then powerfully forcing a slurry of sand, water and chemicals into the rock to create fractures through which gas and oil flow up to the surface once the downward pressure is released. There are so far seven main shale oil plays throughout the country. These are: Marcellus, Granite Wash, Eagle Ford, Niobrara, Andarko-Woodford, Bakken and Permian.
Slightly more than half of the investment in these seven fields is going into two major plays: Eagle Ford and Bakken. Wells of the Bakken shale play, located in Western North Dakota and Eastern Montana, are approximately 10,000 feet deep. The brittle and easily-harvested shale formations of Eagle Ford in Southern Texas produce at depths between 4,000 feet and 14,000 feet.
About 25 percent of the oil and gas E&P investment has been poured evenly into wells in the Marcellus Shale and Permian Basin. The Permian exists in western Texas and eastern New Mexico. It contains the thickest deposits of the Permian geologic period, hence the name. The Marcellus Shale is found in Pennsylvania. This is one of the most shallow deposits, drilled to a depth of only 6,300 feet.
Of the three remaining shale plays, Granite Wash reserves lying beneath Oklahoma and the Texas panhandle are the deepest at 15,000 feet. The last two deposits are located in Oklahoma (Andarko-Woodford) and Nebraska (Niobrara).
As the industry grows, so do traffic fatalities and serious injuries from road traffic accidents. Between the Permian and Eagle Ford deposits, there were a total of 696 traffic fatalities and 8,600 accidents in which occupants were either seriously injured or killed. The busiest time of day for serious accidents is for an hour around 5 o'clock in the morning. Most occur between routine traffic and 18-wheelers associated with oil drilling.
Thanks to new technologies enabling horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing, vast reserves of previously inaccessible oil and gas are now being drawn from tight, fine-grained, sedimentary, shale rock formations beneath the earth's surface. Without these resources, existing reserves would only provide sufficient energy for our needs for the next ten years.
Now, thanks to new technologies, no longer will there be oil available to fuel us into the 22nd century, America is also free from having to rely on capricious foreign countries for its energy needs. All this has heavy price. Although the state-of-the-art of shale oil drilling is improving all the time with the aim of reducing its impact on the environment, there remain concerns about the fracturing process triggering earthquakes and contamination of public water supplies.
The process of hydraulic fracturing involves drilling a hole deep into the Earth's crust into underlying shale rock formations and then powerfully forcing a slurry of sand, water and chemicals into the rock to create fractures through which gas and oil flow up to the surface once the downward pressure is released. There are so far seven main shale oil plays throughout the country. These are: Marcellus, Granite Wash, Eagle Ford, Niobrara, Andarko-Woodford, Bakken and Permian.
Slightly more than half of the investment in these seven fields is going into two major plays: Eagle Ford and Bakken. Wells of the Bakken shale play, located in Western North Dakota and Eastern Montana, are approximately 10,000 feet deep. The brittle and easily-harvested shale formations of Eagle Ford in Southern Texas produce at depths between 4,000 feet and 14,000 feet.
About 25 percent of the oil and gas E&P investment has been poured evenly into wells in the Marcellus Shale and Permian Basin. The Permian exists in western Texas and eastern New Mexico. It contains the thickest deposits of the Permian geologic period, hence the name. The Marcellus Shale is found in Pennsylvania. This is one of the most shallow deposits, drilled to a depth of only 6,300 feet.
Of the three remaining shale plays, Granite Wash reserves lying beneath Oklahoma and the Texas panhandle are the deepest at 15,000 feet. The last two deposits are located in Oklahoma (Andarko-Woodford) and Nebraska (Niobrara).
As the industry grows, so do traffic fatalities and serious injuries from road traffic accidents. Between the Permian and Eagle Ford deposits, there were a total of 696 traffic fatalities and 8,600 accidents in which occupants were either seriously injured or killed. The busiest time of day for serious accidents is for an hour around 5 o'clock in the morning. Most occur between routine traffic and 18-wheelers associated with oil drilling.
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